Former Fellow

Clifford Ando

Professor at the Department of Classics, History and Law at the University of Chicago

Research project:
Tolerance in Roman antiquity

Research project:
To what extent can we speak of tolerance and religious pluralism as a justification narrative in Roman antiquity? The fellowship deals with imperial Rome in the 3rd century and thus with a phase in which it is possible to observe how an increasingly monotheistic religion with universal claims established itself in a world in which the coexistence of different religions appeared to be a matter of course. The first persecutions of Christians took place during this period, and Christians also put forward arguments that play a major role in the history of the idea of tolerance. The Christians’ fight for their religious freedom was of great importance for later justification narratives of tolerance. For a time, allowing the worship of many gods was an important justification for imperial rule in a religiously diverse empire. What favored this new form of justification through religious pluralism and why did this phase end so quickly? These and other questions will be discussed in this research project.

Events:
Seminar with Prof. Dr. Hartmut Leppin, 15 July 2015, 3 p.m.
Tolerance in Antiquity

  • Biografische Angaben

    Clifford Ando is a professor in the Department of Classics, History and Law at the University of Chicago. His research focuses on the history of religion, law and statehood in the Roman Empire. He is particularly interested in the categories of citizenship, legal pluralism and tolerance as well as the relationship between civil law, public law and international law in the Roman legal tradition. Clifford Ando has been a fellow and visiting professor at universities in Canada, France, Germany, New Zealand, South Africa and the USA. He studied at Princeton and received his doctorate from the University of Michigan.
  • Publikationen

    Empire, state and communicative action, in: Christine Kuhn (Hrsg.), Politische Kommunikation und öffentliche Meinung in der antiken Welt, Franz Steiner, Stuttgart 2012, S. 219-229. Die Riten der Anderen, in: Mediterraneo Antico 15.1-2 2012, S. 31-50. Pluralism and Empire, from Rome to Robert cover, in: Critical Analysis of Law: An International & Interdisciplinary Law Review 1 2014, S. 1-22.

News from the research center

Event
20.03.2026 | Frankfurt am Main

40 Jahre Schengen-Raum

Colloquium

Der 1984 geschlossene Schengen-Vertrag schuf einen heute 29 Staaten umfassenden Raum ohne Binnengrenzen, doch Migration über die Außengrenzen führte zuletzt zur Wiedereinführung von Kontrollen, auch durch die Bundesregierung ab 8. Mai 2025. Das Walter Hallstein-Kolloquium diskutiert die rechtliche Zulässigkeit, wirtschaftliche Folgen insbesondere für Arbeitsmigration und Arbeitsmarkt sowie die Zukunft des Schengen-Raums.

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News
12.02.2026

Satanist politics and the decline of reason in liberal democracies

For the last time in the winter semester 2025/26, the Research Center hosted the lecture series "Am Scheidepunkt. On the crisis of democracy". At the end, philosopher Michael Rosen from Harvard University presented his concept of "satanic politics" as a variant of the political interpretation of the world.

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News
09.02.2026

On the topicality of the concept of violence based on Camus and Derrida

Prof. Dr. Christine Abbt from the University of St. Gallen gave a lecture on democracies and the concept of violence as part of the lecture series "At the crossroads? On the crisis of democracy", she gave a lecture on democracies and the concept of violence. Under the title "Defending democracies. On the topicality of the concept of violence in Camus and Derrida", the philosopher discussed forms of violence and revolt and categorized them with regard to a democratic setting.

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Publication
04.02.2026 | Journal article

New Perspectives on Trust in International Conflicts

Wille, Tobias; Simon, Hendrik; Daase, Christopher; Deitelhoff, Nicole; Wheeler, Nicholas J.; Holmes, Marcus; Rathbun, Brian C.; Acharya, Amitav; Mitzen, Jennifer (2026): „New Perspectives on Trust in International Conflicts“. In: International Studies Review 28 (1), viaf027.

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News
02.02.2026

States competing for people - David Owen on civil geopolitics

As part of the lecture series "At the Crossroads - The Future of Democracy", David Owen from the University of Southampton presented his concept of civil geopolitics.

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News
20.01.2026

Christine Hentschel on reorientation in catastrophic times

As part of the lecture series "At the crossroads? On the crisis of democracy", the sociologist spoke about living in and dealing with catastrophic times. Against the backdrop of the destruction of living conditions, wars, permanent crises and threats to democracy, Hentschel addressed the infiltration of the catastrophic into everyday social life and a changing activist and literary approach to the future.

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Publication
08.01.2026 | Journal article

Gender Differences in Financial Advice

Bucher-Koenen, Tabea; Hackethal, Andreas; Koenen, Johannes; Laudenbach, Christine (2025): „Gender Differences in Financial Advice“. In: American Economic Review, 115 (12), pp. 4218–4252.

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Publication
19.12.2025 | Anthology

Faszination und Freiheit 

Günther, Klaus; Zabel, Benno (Hrsg.) (2025): Faszination und Freiheit - Gegenwartsdiagnosen im Anschluss an Christoph Menkes Theorie der Befreiung, Weilerswist (Velbrück Wissenschaft).

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Publication
12.12.2025 | Anthology

Zwischen Transformation und Abolitionismus. Das Strafrecht und die Vielfalt der Alternativen

Tobias Singelnstein, Christoph Burchard (2025)

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