Former Fellow

Clifford Ando

Professor at the Department of Classics, History and Law at the University of Chicago

Research project:
Tolerance in Roman antiquity

Research project:
To what extent can we speak of tolerance and religious pluralism as a justification narrative in Roman antiquity? The fellowship deals with imperial Rome in the 3rd century and thus with a phase in which it is possible to observe how an increasingly monotheistic religion with universal claims established itself in a world in which the coexistence of different religions appeared to be a matter of course. The first persecutions of Christians took place during this period, and Christians also put forward arguments that play a major role in the history of the idea of tolerance. The Christians’ fight for their religious freedom was of great importance for later justification narratives of tolerance. For a time, allowing the worship of many gods was an important justification for imperial rule in a religiously diverse empire. What favored this new form of justification through religious pluralism and why did this phase end so quickly? These and other questions will be discussed in this research project.

Events:
Seminar with Prof. Dr. Hartmut Leppin, 15 July 2015, 3 p.m.
Tolerance in Antiquity

  • Biografische Angaben

    Clifford Ando is a professor in the Department of Classics, History and Law at the University of Chicago. His research focuses on the history of religion, law and statehood in the Roman Empire. He is particularly interested in the categories of citizenship, legal pluralism and tolerance as well as the relationship between civil law, public law and international law in the Roman legal tradition. Clifford Ando has been a fellow and visiting professor at universities in Canada, France, Germany, New Zealand, South Africa and the USA. He studied at Princeton and received his doctorate from the University of Michigan.
  • Publikationen

    Empire, state and communicative action, in: Christine Kuhn (Hrsg.), Politische Kommunikation und öffentliche Meinung in der antiken Welt, Franz Steiner, Stuttgart 2012, S. 219-229. Die Riten der Anderen, in: Mediterraneo Antico 15.1-2 2012, S. 31-50. Pluralism and Empire, from Rome to Robert cover, in: Critical Analysis of Law: An International & Interdisciplinary Law Review 1 2014, S. 1-22.

News from the research center

Publication
21.11.2025 | Anthology

Handbook of Leadership. Applied Business Psychology for Managers

Felfe, Jörg; Dick, Rolf van (eds.) (2025): Handbook of Leadership. Applied Business Psychology for Managers. Springer.

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News
20.11.2025

Voluntary or compulsory? Military service, peace and democratic responsibility

Review of the 58th "Römerberggespräche". The topic of compulsory military service and the question of what a democratic state is allowed to demand of its citizens were at the center of the 58th "Römerberggespräche" "Conditionally ready for action? Military service and the duty to serve the state", which took place on November 15 in cooperation with the Research Centre Normative Orders in the Chagallsaal at Schauspiel Frankfurt.

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News
13.11.2025

Goethe Lecture Offenbach on ableist discrimination

Regina Schidel presented a critique of ableist discrimination as part of the Goethe Lectures Offenbach. In her lecture "I can, therefore I am? / Ich kann, also bin ich?", she discusses the practical manifestations and philosophical origins of ableism.

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Event
10.02.2026 | Frankfurt am Main

Satanic Politics. Democracy after Liberalism

Lecture, Lecture Series

Lecture by Michael Rosen (Harvard University) as part of the lecture series "At the Crossroads? On the crisis of democracy" in the winter semester 2025/2026

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Event
04.02.2026 | Frankfurt am Main

Demokratien verteidigen. Zur Aktualität des Gewaltbegriffs bei Camus und Derrida

Lecture Series, Lecture

Vortrag von Christine Abbt (Universität St. Gallen) im Rahmen der Ringvorlesung "Am Scheidepunkt? Zur Krise der Demokratie" im Wintersemester 2025/2026

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Event
29.01.2026

Civil Geopolitics and the Dilemmas of the Democratic State

Lecture Series, Lecture

Vortrag von David Owen (Universtiy of Southampton) im Rahmen der Ringvorlesung "Am Scheidepunkt? Zur Krise der Demokratie" im Wintersemester 2025/2026

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Event
14.01.2026 | Frankfurt am Main

Vom Retten der Welt zum Vorbereiten auf den Kollaps: Neuorientierungen in katastrophischen Zeiten

Lecture Series, Lecture

Vortrag von Christine Hentschel (Universität Hamburg) im Rahmen der Ringvorlesung "Am Scheidepunkt? Zur Krise der Demokratie" im Wintersemester 2025/2026

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Event
10.12.2025 | Frankfurt am Main

How Democracy Relies on the Future

Lecture Series, Lecture

Vortrag von Jonathan White (LSE) im Rahmen der Ringvorlesung "Am Scheidepunkt? Zur Krise der Demokratie" im Wintersemester 2025/2026

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Event
27./28.11.2025 | Frankfurt am Main

Reconsidering Legal Subjectivity In and Through the Anthropocene

Conference

Internationale Konferenz organisiert vom Wissenschaftsnetzwerk Recht im Anthropozän (RiA) in Kooperation mit dem Forschungszentrum Normative Ordnungen.

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